The Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR) is a national research institution established in 1967 to generate knowledge for the sustainable use and protection of Israel's marine, coastal and freshwater resources. IOLR conducts scientific research in the fields of oceanography, limnology, mariculture and marine biotechnology. The IOLR is affiliated with the Earth Sciences Research Administration of the Ministry of National Infrastructures and includes three research centres. Much focus is on research, monitoring and assessment of the environmental status of neighbouring seas, predicting their response to human and natural perturbations. IOLR also focuses on innovative technologies for the exploitation of marine organisms for food and biochemicals. This program of research, environmental monitoring and technology development bridges many scientific disciplines and involves international collaboration with academic and research institutions.